Grade 12

Physical Sciences — Physics

0/12 Topics completed

Mechanics

01Newton’s laws and gravitation (Paper 1)Grade 11 Newton’s laws and universal gravitation as examined in Paper 1: free-body diagrams, friction, slopes, connected bodies and F = Gm₁m₂/r².
02Momentum & impulsep = mv, impulse FΔt = Δp, and conservation in collisions (elastic vs inelastic).
03Vertical projectile motionUp as positive, g = −9.8 m·s⁻², time of flight, max height, and symmetry.
04Work, energy & powerW = FΔx cosθ, work-energy theorem, power P = Fv, and efficiency.

Waves

05Doppler effectf_L = f_s (v ± v_L)/(v ± v_s) for sound, and redshift/blueshift for light.

Matter & EM radiation

06Photoelectric effectE = hf, work function, E_k(max) = hf − W₀, and the particle nature of light.

Electrodynamics

07Generators, motors & ACInduced emf, RMS values, transformers, and the difference between generators and motors.

Electricity

Matter & energy

12Emission, absorption & photoelectricElectrons jump down → emission line. Jump up → absorption. Photoelectric: threshold f₀, E = hf = W₀ + K_max. Particle nature of light.